ON Securities : Securities Lawyer & Attorney for Corporate Governance & Executive Compensation Matters

On December 16, 2009, the SEC adopted its amendments to the proxy disclosure rules - see the press release and the full 129-page release that includes the text of the rules. The release has led to some confusion about when the new rules are effective - the release mentions an effective date of February 28, 2010, but it does not specify exactly what that means. I agree with Mark Borges in the Proxy Disclosure Blog (subscription site), who assumes that the amendments apply to proxy statements and other applicable filings on or after that date.

Part of the confusion about the effective date resulted from a comment during the open meeting/webcast, to the effect that the rules apply to companies with fiscal years ending on or after December 20, 2009. That's not the correct test. The December 20 date does appear in the final release, but only as a separate effective date for new calculation of the dollar amount of equity compensation reported in the Summary Compensation Table. Let's hope someone provides some clarification soon about effective dates.

I'll blog further about the rules themselves, and I'll post a new version of the ON Securities Cheat Sheet soon that reflects the new rules. In my last post, I mentioned one of the "sleepers" in the rules. But I think there may be another one. The Commission added a requirement to discuss the nominating committee's policy on diversity of Board nominees and, if there is a policy, to assess its effectiveness. The Commission declined to define "diversity" for this purpose. This is another area where some companies will be scrambling to figure out what to disclose, and may find it difficult to come up with a consensus on this sensitive topic with virtually no lead time.

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As many of you know, the SEC announced yesterday [December 9] that it will hold an open meeting on Wednesday, December 16 for the purpose of adopting its proposed amendments to the proxy disclosure rules. For a short summary of these amendments, see the ON Securities Cheat Sheet. The two questions on everyone's mind: When will the rules be effective? And what changes will the SEC make to the proposals? Most people I talk to believe the rules will apply to 2010 proxy season for companies with a December or later fiscal year end. However, that could certainly change. Assuming the final rules are similar to the proposals, many public companies will be busy over the next few weeks preparing for the new disclosures. Many people have focused on the requirements to include a risk disclosure in the CD&A section, the changes to the equity calculations in the Summary Compensation Table and the required disclosure of compensation consultant conflicts. But there are some "sleepers" too, such as the requirement to elaborate on the qualifications of each individual director nominee - drafting might be trickier than people think. We'll all be watching the SEC on Wednesday.

Other Updates

A few other thoughts:

• In the Corporate Counsel Blog this week, Broc Romanek gave a great report on the Supreme Court arguments in a case challenging the constitutionality of the PCAOB.
• Thanks to Mike Melbinger in the Melbinger Compensation Blog for pointing out this Chicago Tribune article, quoting U of Chicago business professor Steven Kaplan for his interesting perspective on why CEOs are not overpaid. Kaplan obviously is trying to be controversial - check it out. I especially like the comparison between the earnings of the 20 largest hedge funds in 2007 ($20 billion) and that of the S&P 500 CEOs combined in the same year ($7.5 billion).
• The Maslon Holiday E-Card came out this week, and it's outstanding. Please check it out and accept my wishes for a very happy holiday season and a great 2010!

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As I reported previously, the SEC enforcement staff is "loaded for bear," stepping up its enforcement activities to go after violations of the securities laws. Some recent stories reinforce that it is more important than ever to guard against these violations: The Wall Street Journal reported on Wednesday that the SEC has greatly expanded its insider trading investigations of broker-dealers and hedge funds (subscription required to view complete article). According to the report, the staff has sent at least three dozen subpoenas in the past month, including investigating the role of Goldman Sachs bankers. The staff is using sophisticated technology to examine the webs of relationships among traders, investment bankers, attorneys and others.

Comment: There is no reason to think that the current investigations are limited to broker-dealers and hedge funds, and the trail could easily lead the SEC staff to company personnel. It is more important than ever for companies to monitor and enforce their insider trading policies.

The SEC last month reported that it entered into a consent decree with former officers and accountants at SafeNet in the first enforcement action by the Commission under Regulation G. Reg G regulates the use (and abuse) of "non-GAAP financial measures" by reporting companies. The complaint accused the personnel of engaging in a scheme to meet or exceed quarterly EPS targets through improper accounting adjustments. The company represented that it was excluding "non-recurring" expenses from its results, when in fact it was excluding recurring operating expenses to make its earnings look better.

Comment: SafeNet obviously was engaged in outright fraud, and Reg G gave the SEC staff another means to go after bad people. However, it's no coincidence that the first Reg G proceeding is in late 2009 - again, the enforcement staff is actively looking for perceived wrongdoing, in part to justify the agency's continued existence. Public companies should be more careful than ever in complying with Reg G - for example, be careful about characterizing any excluded expenses as "non-recurring," which is a real hot-button issue with the SEC staff.

Westlaw Business Currents reported last week that there has been a "noticeable uptick" in companies disclosing Wells Notices relating to enforcement proceedings.

Comment: Be careful out there. And don't get caught cheating.

No News. I keep checking the SEC calendar to see whether the Commission has scheduled a meeting to consider adoption of the new proxy disclosure rules. Nothing posted yet. It's hard to predict whether anything will be adopted this year, or whether the new rules will be effective for the 2010 proxy season.

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I've just finished three and a half very interesting days at the NASPP Annual Conference and the Proxy Disclosure Conference sponsored by CompensationStandards.com in San Francisco. Aside from an unexpectedly big crowd and some great food, attendees encountered some interesting updates:

Proxy Disclosure Rules. Shelley Parratt, Director of Corporation Finance of the SEC, addressed the group, and there were two main news items. First, she previewed the currently proposed amendments to the proxy disclosure rules. She didn't address when the amendments would be considered, but stated that the new rules "may well" be in place for the 2010 proxy season. The SEC staff still clearly wants to accomplish this goal. Since the rules probably won't be considered until early December, this will likely put proxy drafters and compensation committees in a bind.

Second, apart from the new rules, Parratt discussed compliance with the proxy disclosure rules adopted in 2007 and indicated that the SEC staff will take a more assertive (aggressive?) posture in its comment process. The staff has observed that companies that have already responded to comments on these rules are doing a pretty good job of compliance, although they can always do better. On the other hand, companies that have not yet received the comments seem to be waiting to receive comments before complying with the staff's guidance. She indicated that companies should be more proactive in changing their practices before they get comments, because the SEC will be taking a "no more Mr. Nice Guy" approach. Instead of "futures comments" (amend your filings in the future to comply), the staff will now be requiring many companies to go back and amend their prior filings. The main areas to focus on: (1) make sure your CD&A contains real analysis of "how" and "why" compensation decisions were made, and (2) disclose the performance targets underlying incentive compensation, unless there is a really compelling case to support competitive harm.

New Governance Reform Bill. There was some discussion of the financial reform bill released this week by Senator Christopher Dodd - the "Restoring American Financial Stability Act of 2009". Buried in the 1,136 page bill, which would reform the financial regulatory system, are numerous governance reforms that would apply to all public companies. These are very similar to the provisions of the Schumer bill, described in the ON Securities Cheat Sheet. See this description of the Dodd bill provisions in the Corporate Counsel Blog. The Dodd bill is significant to governance reform, because it may give momentum to the provisions of the other reform bills, which can now be reconciled and carried forward as part of financial institution reform.

A New Ball Game. I bumped into well known compensation attorney and blogger Mike Melbinger, but he was rushing out to the Fox News affiliate to give an interview. It's very entertaining - he talked about AIG CEO Robert Benmosche's statement that he may leave the company because of the government's limitations on executive pay. Melbinger likened the Treasury to a baseball owner. He said that if you want your team to be successful (i.e., if you want AIG to pay back the $180 billion in government aid), you pay whatever it takes to hire C.C. Sabathia, rather than hiring a journeyman pitcher for a low price and hoping for the best. Even Melbinger, however, admitted that if everyone at AIG is driving around in Lamborghinis, you might have a PR problem.

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Early November finds us in a kind of limbo - those of us who advise public companies on governance and compensation matters are waiting for something big to happen. But there's plenty of smaller stuff to report on - although most of these items present more questions than answers:

Proxy Disclosure Rules. On November 4, SEC Chairman Schapiro gave a speech addressing current regulatory developments. She described the proxy disclosure rules but did not address when they would be adopted or considered. The Corporate Counsel Blog reports that the rules will not be adopted on November 9, as previously rumored. However, there is still a chance that the rules will apply for the 2010 proxy season. If so, there won't be much time to evaluate the rules, or to hold a compensation committee meeting to address the new disclosures. Stay tuned. . . .

Proxy Access. Rep. Maxine Waters has proposed an amendment to the Investor Protection Act of 2009 (the current provisions of the Act are described in the ON Securities Cheat Sheet). The amendment would require the SEC to adopt rules permitting large shareholders to nominate directors in the company's proxy statement (proxy access). If added to the Act and ultimately adopted, this provision would enhance the SEC's position in adopting its proposed Rule 14a-11 granting proxy access.

Say-On-Pay and Shareholder Surveys. Companies continue to conduct annual advisory votes on compensation on a voluntary basis. Meanwhile, as reported by the Corporate Counsel Blog, some companies, including Schering-Plough, have begun to survey their shareholders. This will provide more detailed data on shareholders' opinions about compensation practices and may emerge as an alternative or supplement to simple yes-or-no advisory votes.

New York Power of Attorney Law. You may have read about the amendments to the New York power of attorney laws, effective September 1, 2009. See this Forbes article. The amendments impose strict requirements (font size, notarization, etc.) for powers of attorney, particularly those signed in New York by New York residents. The amendments have prompted a flood of articles and analyses, including speculation that the requirements could affect the validity of powers of attorney for SEC registration statements, Section 16 filings, etc. I agree with this analysis, indicating that, even though there is no definitive guidance, the validity of powers of attorney for SEC filings should be governed by SEC rules and not state law.

I should get updates on some of these items next week - I'll be attending the NASPP Annual Conference in San Francisco. Of course, I can't wait to share the information with the ON Securities readers. There may even be a tweet or two, if you can't wait for the Blog.

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The news today was filled with reports on the first anniversary of the collapse of Lehman Brothers. That event represented the first time most of us realized the extent of the financial disaster that played out over the following few months. Not exactly cause for nostalgia.

At around the same time, our local chapter of the National Association of Stock Plan Professionals (NASPP) produced a webcast/conference call entitled "Troubled Company, Workout and Bankruptcy Issues: A little 'gloom and doom' with your morning java." I moderated the panel discussion, which featured very topical discussions by Mike Meyer, a bankruptcy attorney with the Ravich Meyer firm, and Scott Feraro and Kathy Bonneville, compensation consultants with Seabury OCI Advisors, LLC. Obviously, this topic is just as relevant today as it was then. Just to keep on sharing the "gloom and doom", we have made the transcript available - it makes interesting reading. Topics included:

The role of compensation and risk management in the financial meltdown, and ways to structure compensation in a troubled company situation

Executive hiring, employment arrangements and retention in workout and bankruptcy situations - including the types of retention arrangements that will "fly" in bankruptcy court

Strategies in dealing with underwater stock options

Let's hope for a better year ahead.

SEC Enforcement Follow-Up

The SEC just got another incentive to ratchet up its newly aggressive enforcement posture another notch. On Monday, as described in this New York Times article, Federal District Judge Jed Rakoff issued a scathing order (see the link in the Times article) that voided Bank of America's $33 million settlement with the SEC. The enforcement proceeding related to Bank of America's failure to disclose the approval of Merrill Lynch bonus payments in the merger proxy statement. The judge was especially hard on the SEC's failure to go after the individual officers of Bank of America, accusing the parties of using the shareholders' money to reach a settlement that absolves the individuals of responsibility. If a new settlement is not reached and the case goes to trial, the judge will have plenty more opportunity to chastise executives, lawyers and public officials alike. It will be interesting to see whether the negative publicity causes the SEC to take its enforcement activity to yet another new level.

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I spoke this week at a Minnesota CLE Conference on the topic of how public companies can avoid liability for their disclosures. In preparing my remarks, it struck me that the SEC is "loaded for bear" in going after public companies and their officers with investigations and enforcement proceedings. The SEC has increased and reorganized its enforcement staff and is trying to raise its profile - really, an attempt to justify the agency's continued existence. Recent examples, just during July and August of 2009:

A recent accounting fraud case against General Electric, where GE agreed to pay a $50 million fine.

The SEC's $33 million settlement with Bank of America for failure to disclose the approval of Merrill Lynch bonus payments in the merger proxy statement. The District Court is considering rejecting the settlement as too lenient, which the SEC is disputing.

The SEC's "clawback" action to recover $4 million in incentive compensation from the CEO of CSK Auto, reported here. It's not clear whether the SEC will be successful in this case. However, clearly, the SEC is trying to send a message to corporate officers that, if the officers are not vigilant to preventing accounting fraud and disclosure violations, their own compensation may be at risk.

This is all happening at a time when private lawsuits for securities fraud are getting more difficult for plaintiffs' attorneys to bring - a point of agreement for the plaintiffs' attorneys and defense attorneys on the panel. This does not mean company officials can relax, due to the increased scrutiny from the SEC and, probably, increased skepticism from judges and juries about public company practices. As I said in this prior post, this atmosphere should lead public companies to carefully consider their disclosure processes, including the disclosure controls and procedures required under SOX.

In other words, once again, "Don't Get Caught Cheating." Or, make sure you're not "BUSTED" by the SEC.

If you would like a copy of my PowerPoint presentation from this week, send me an e-mail. If you have any tips on disclosure procedures, or just want to weigh in on the SEC's newly found "mojo", post a comment below.

Have a great Labor Day weekend!

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There have been several recent articles on the SEC's proposed proxy access rule, Rule 14a-11. If adopted, this rule would allow large shareholders to nominate director candidates and have the candidates included in management's proxy statement for the company's annual meeting.

A Wall Street Journal article last week (subscription required for full article) reported that ". . . the measure looks like it will be passed by the Securities and Exchange Commission in November." The article describes efforts by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and others to block the measure, but reports that ". . . most opponents expect the measure to pass." The article states that many corporate comment letters are suggesting a weakened version of the measure rather than opposing it altogether.

However, this post by Dave Lynn in the Corporate Counsel blog last Friday puts the proposal's status in perspective and raises doubts that shareholder access is a "done deal". Lynn refers to several interesting comment letters, including this comment letter from several prominent former SEC staff members, urging the Commission to focus on other, more pressing regulatory matters. The Corporate Counsel post points out that "this is a road that we have all been down before", basically stating that it's too soon to know where this will end up. We all need to stay tuned.

As always, you can refer to the ON Securities Cheat Sheet for information on this and other proposals before the SEC, as well as pending legislation.

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The SEC's recent clawback action against Maynard Jenkins, the former CEO of auto supplier CSK Auto Corporation, has gotten more commentary than just about any other recent enforcement proceeding I can think of. The SEC is seeking reimbursement of $4 million in Jenkins' bonuses and profits from his stock sales during years when CSK's financial results were inflated by accounting fraud. What's getting all the attention? The SEC has not charged Jenkins individually with any wrongdoing.

The SEC is seeking the clawback under Section 304(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which allows recovery of incentive compensation following a financial restatement "as a result of misconduct." Section 304 doesn't specify that the misconduct be tied directly to the individual from whom the recovery is sought. However, the SEC, in its press release announcing the action, reported:

It is the first action seeking reimbursement under the SOX 'clawback' provision . . . from an individual who is not alleged to have otherwise violated the securities laws. . . . . 'Jenkins was captain of the ship and profited during the time that CSK was misleading investors about the company's financial health,' said Rosalind R. Tyson, Director of the SEC's Los Angeles Regional Office. 'The law requires Jenkins to return those proceeds to CSK.'

Much of the negative commentary accuses the SEC of overreaching, in a situation where it could not state an accounting fraud case directly against Jenkins. However, this case is an extreme one - Jenkins collected $4 million in bonuses and stock profits at a time when the company was committing massive accounting fraud. The COO, CFO, controller and another responsible officer were all indicted, and the latter two individuals have already pled guilty. Even if the SEC couldn't make a direct case against Jenkins for the fraud, this is the perfect test case for the extension of a Section 304 clawback beyond the responsible individuals to the "captain of the ship".

Regardless of the result in the case, the SEC has sent another signal that it is "loaded for bear" - as we reported in this post, the agency has a beefed-up enforcement staff and new energy. Regardless of the result in the Jenkins "no fault clawback" case, the SEC will be putting more heat on executives in the coming months.

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As described previously, on July 1, 2009, the SEC approved by a 3-2 vote an amendment to New York Stock Exchange Rule 452 to eliminate broker discretionary voting in uncontested elections of directors. Of all the recent proposals (see the ON Securities Cheat Sheet), this was the first to be adopted, and this change may have the biggest practical impact on corporate governance for most companies. The rule change is effective for shareholder meetings held on or after January 1, 2010, and it is likely to make it more difficult to get affirmative votes in favor of management's slate of directors.

So for management of a public company, is this your worst nightmare? Maybe it's a little early to start screaming. But at the very least, it's not too early to do some advance planning to avoid surprises for the board. And for the in-house attorneys I work with, it's always a good idea to avoid surprises for the board. Or you WILL have something to scream about.

So what should a company do to prepare? Georgeson, a leading proxy solicitation firm, recently did a good explanation of the possible impact of the amendment, including three main tips:

Analyze - run some numbers to determine the possible impact of the amendment on your next election, including the possible impact of factors that might lead proxy advisory firms like ISS/RiskMetrics to recommend a vote against the incumbents.

Communicate - develop a communication plan to educate retail investors on the importance of voting and a last-minute "get out the vote" campaign, just in case.

Prepare - develop a damage control plan in case of a large percentage of negative votes (or a failed election, in the case of a company that has adopted majority voting for directors).

I talked to one in-house attorney who has started to run analyses of historical vote patterns to predict how the next election will come out. What is your company doing? And how much impact do you think the amendment to the broker voting rules will have? Post a comment below or send me an e-mail.

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Is your head spinning from the number of new developments in corporate governance and compensation reform? Are you dizzy from trying to remember whether "say-on-severance" is part of the Schumer Bill or the Treasury Department's white paper? Is your heart racing from trying to keep track of the progress of shareholder access proposals?

We have just the answer - the ON Securities Cheat Sheet will cure what ails you. The Cheat Sheet is a one stop shop for "capsule summaries" of each bill and regulatory proposal being considered. These capsules are sure to make you feel better - and in the spirit of health care reform, this remedy is ABSOLUTELY FREE!

We can't promise that the Cheat Sheet contains the most in-depth analysis available of each bill and regulatory proposal. But it's helpful just to be able to scan the different proposals. For example, it's helpful to see that Say-on-Pay for all public companies is proposed as part of the Schumer bill, the Peters bill, and the Treasury Department's legislative proposal. At the same time, the SEC's proposals issued on July 1 included proposed Say-on-Pay standards for TARP recipients, which have previously been subject to Say-on-Pay requirements under the recovery bill.

We will continue to include the Cheat Sheet in the "Resources" section featured on the home page of this blog, and we will do our best to keep the document up to date. Since you'll be able to put the developments in context, your head should stop spinning. However, I can't make any promises about dizziness. Watching progress of the various proposals making their way through Congress and the regulatory agencies reminds me of the arcade game where you can watch the little mechanical horses race around and around the track, with the lead constantly changing. Here's a great video that shows you what I mean.

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More on the SEC's Proposed Amendments to Disclosure Rules

As described previously, the SEC's newly proposed amendments to its disclosure rules, issued on July 10, 2009, would require significant new proxy disclosures - disclosure of compensation policies and their impact on risk and risk management, and a new method for reporting of the value of equity awards in the Summary Compensation Table. The proposals include other notable requirements as well. Here is a description of what is covered and what is not covered in the proposals:

Compensation Consultant Information. The amendments, if adopted, would require additional disclosures about compensation consultants, if they play any role in determining or recommending executive or director compensation. The proxy statement would need to include information about the fees paid to the consultant and any affiliates of the consultant during the last fiscal year; the additional services provided to the company by the consultant and its affiliates; and whether the consultant was recommended by management.

Since that time, the issue of consultant conflicts has surfaced numerous times. A 2007 study commissioned by a House committee found that the data "suggested" a correlation between the levels of CEO pay and percentage of the consultant's fees derived from services other than executive pay advice. However, a 2008 academic study coauthored by professors at the Wharton School found "no compelling evidence" that consultants with higher level of non-executive services were engaging in "rent extraction" (i.e., giving executives higher pay to keep the non-executive business). In any event, the SEC is proposing to mandate the enhanced disclosures, which seem likely to "chill" compensation committees' use of consultants that provide other services to the company.

Other Proposed SEC Disclosure Requirements. The SEC's proposed amendments would also require:

• new disclosures about the qualifications of directors and director nominees, including a statement about the specific skills they possess that qualify them to be directors and committee members;


• disclosure of the company's leadership structure, including the identity and role of a lead director, if the company has one;


• disclosure of the board's role in the risk management process; and


• current reporting of the results of shareholder votes on Form 8-K.

The release also proposes technical amendments to the proxy solicitation rules.

What the Proposed Amendments DO NOT Do. Notably, the SEC's proposed amendments do change or clarify the compensation disclosure rules in their most problematic area - the extent to which the company must disclose the performance target levels upon which compensation is based, and whether the target levels may continue to be excluded based on competitive harm. This issue is certainly the source of the most frequent SEC comments on proxy disclosures. However, the SEC's proposing release requests public comment on whether the exclusion based on competitive harm should be eliminated. The release, on page 65, also encourages any interested person to suggest additional changes to the rules. Stay tuned, and look for final rules this fall, so they can be effective for the 2010 proxy season.

"Love the Orange"

In launching the ON Securities Blog, one of my major decisions was the color environment (after all, if the site looks great, who cares about the content?). WordPress software has some cool choices, and I really liked the color scheme called "Love the Orange" - in fact, I loved it. After I had taken decisive action and made this selection, one of my partners validated my choice by telling me that "orange is the new power color." Who knew? Of course this selection has made a big impact on my life - see the picture of my new, powerful identity.

[caption id="attachment_255" align="alignnone" width="222" caption="Blogger a L'Orange"][/caption]

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The SEC takes action on July 1, but that's not the whole story.

On July 1, 2009, the SEC voted to take several actions:

The Commission proposed rules that would clarify the statutory requirement that TARP recipients hold annual stockholder votes on compensation ("Say-on-Pay").

The Commission proposed revisions to the compensation disclosure rules that, among other things, would (1) disclose the relationship to risk of a company's overall compensation policies (not just policies covering top executives) and (2) disclose potential conflicts of interest of compensation consultants.

In probably the most important move, the Commission approved the New York Stock Exchange's proposal to eliminate discretionary voting in elections of directors. Therefore, brokers must receive instructions from the beneficial owner before voting. The conventional wisdom is that brokers acting without instructions generally vote in favor of management's slate, and that this change will reduce the percentage of shares voting for the director candidates in routine elections. The Wachtell Lipton law firm presented an interesting analysis of this issue in March, taking the position that the current broker votes in favor of management are a pretty good proxy for the votes of retail stockholders, who generally support management's candidates.

However, to understand the impact of the July 1 actions, it is necessary to understand other current developments, some of which would have an even greater impact on a broader segment of companies:

The Commission's Say-on-Pay proposals covered only TARP recipient companies. However, the Shareholder Bill of Rights Act introduced in the Senate by Senator Schumer, if adopted, would mandate Say-on-Pay for all public companies, as would two other bills currently being considered by Congress.

The Commission did not require that public companies adopt a specific structure to assess risk and ensure that compensation practices are consistent with the company's risk profile. However, the ARRA and the Treasury's interim final rules currently require the compensation committees of TARP recipients to perform specific risk management functions. Also, the Schumer bill would require that the board of directors of all public companies form a risk committee of independent directors to report to the board about the company's risk profile and the appropriateness of its compensation practices.

The elimination of discretionary voting by brokers takes on added importance because it could alter the balance of power between management and activist stockholders, especially for companies that have adopted majority vote standards in director elections. This shift would compound the potential increase in power by institutional investors that would result from the Commission's controversial proxy access proposal, reported here, which would allow large stockholders to nominate director candidates who would be included in management's proxy statements.

The bottom line: you need a scorecard to keep everything in context. The ON Securities Blog is working on a scorecard that will cover the SEC proposals, the Schumer bill, other pending bills and the Treasury regulations under TARP and the stimulus bill. What would you like to see covered? Send me an e-mail and let me know.

Maslon Small Public Company Forum's Inaugural Event is a success (singing fish and all).

On June 24, 2009, I participated in the inaugural event of the Maslon Small Public Company Forum, which included presenters from Maslon, Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, Carver Moquist & O'Connor, Feltl and Company and Internal Control & Anti-Fraud Experts, LLC. Course materials and podcasts of the presentations are available at the Small Public Company Forum website, which we hope will be a great resource for small public companies across the region.

For my presentation on underwater options entitled "Underwaterworld", I presented the "world's leading expert on underwater options": Big Mouth Billy Bass, the famous singing fish. You can watch Billy's full performance here. In his immortal words, once you solve your company's underwater options problem, you can take his advice: "Don't Worry, Be Happy!"

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